自考英语二50个重要知识点整理 核心考点大全

报考英语自学II考试时，应该从学习词汇和短语开始，分解词根，熟悉背诵例句，锻炼你的语感。联想记忆，根+联想+联想记忆，根+联想+准备考试的助记符，以下是自学考试中出现的高频词汇考点​​，供考生记忆和复习。

自学英语高频考点整理二

动词短语搭配

1. be fond of “最喜欢的，爱好” 连接名词、代词或动词-ing形式[1] He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?[3] He is fond of his research work. 他热爱他的研究工作。

2. hunt for = look for 寻找hunt for a job 找工作

3. in order to/so as to这两个短语都可以引入不定式作为目的状语, in order to可以放在句首, so as to不能, 其否定形式是in order not to / so as not to.

[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.

为了让我们关注他, 他向我们喊叫并挥手。

4. care about[1] 喜欢，正确的……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。

[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。

[3] 关心，关心(带子句或不带任何元素)These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人不在乎老年人说什么。

5. such as 方法“例如……”，“图片……”，用于列出人或事物。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目,像物理学一样、化学。

6. drop a line 留言, 写一个信息

7. make yourself at home 不客气;随意的;无拘无束的If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你比我先到我家，自己喝一杯，随意一点。

8. stay up 别睡觉;熬夜[1] I’ll be late home, don’t stay up for me.我会很晚回家，别等我。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。

9. come about 原因;发生;生产[1] How did the accident come about?这起事故是怎么发生的?[2] They didn’t know how the change had come about.他们不知道这种变化是如何发生的。

10. except for 消除……外部[1] except 和 except for 在使用上往往存在差异。except 常用于导致类似事物中被排除的项目。喜欢：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除了最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.周日除外，我们每天都去那里。

[2] except for 用于引用细节来修改句子的主要含义。喜欢：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除了一位老太太，这辆巴士完全是空的。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画画得很好，只是有些颜色有问题。

[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用来表达except的含义。就像上面的第一个例子一样，它可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.

[4] 此外，只能用在介词短语之前except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏天，我们通常在十点之前睡觉。

11. end up with 经过……结尾;经过……结束The party ended up with an English song.晚会在一首英文歌中结束。

12. more or less 几乎;几乎;关于;也许;一般来说[1] I’ve more or less succeeded, but they haven’t.我差一点就成功了，他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少有所提高。

13. bring in 介绍;吸引;吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他每个月挣八百美元。

14. get away(from) 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱逃离了商店。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到一条大鱼，但它却逃脱了。

15. watch out (for)注意;注意[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心!车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.小心路上的坑洼。

16. see sb. off 送走某人Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我要去火车站送我的朋友。

17. on the other hand 另一方面; 用于引发相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。

I know this job of mine isn’t well paid, but on the other hand I don’t have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但另一方面，我也不必工作太久。

18. as well as 和/返回 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不仅是一位摄影师，也是一位才华横溢的音乐家。

19. take place 发生 take one’s place 坐下、站在好的位置上、获得地位take sb’s place 或者 take the place of 代替、代替

20. on fire 相当于burning, 方法“燃烧;着火;火”，具有静态意义。catch fire具有动态意义。

set…on fire/set fire to…用于表达“制作……着火”、“放火……”。

Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.看，剧院着火了，我们去帮忙救火吧。

21. on holiday 假期中，假期中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我假期去看望我叔叔。

22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau

23. take off [1] 脱掉(衣服等), 解开(消除)失去 He took off his wet shoes.他脱掉湿鞋。

[2] (飞机)脱掉 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。

[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。

24. go wrong v. 错误的方法, 误入歧途, (机器等)故障

25. in all adv. 全部的

26. stay away v.出去

27. look up 查询(如果宾语是代词，然后代词放在中间) Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典中查找单词。

相关短语：look for 寻找;look after照顾，关心;look forward to预计;look into调查;look on手表;look out注意;look out for注意，注意，谨防;look over翻阅，查看，检查;look around环视四周;look through翻阅，查看。

28. run after 追赶，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一个也抓不到。

29. on the air 播送 [1] We will be on the air in five minutes.五分钟后我们将开始广播。 [2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.本节目每天同一时间播出。

30. think highly/well/much of正确的……评价很高, 欣赏, 正确的……好印象;think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……觉得不好, 正确的……不在乎, 不赞成, 感觉……不太好

[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常表扬。 [2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。 [3] I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我不认为他是一个很好的老师。

31. leave out [1] 错过 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.您错了—你错过了一封信t.[2] 删除, 无用 I haven’t changed or left out athing.我没有做任何更改或删除任何内容。

32. stare at (出于好奇、兴奋地张着嘴等待，睁大眼睛)[1] 凝视，盯 Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看，很不礼貌。

[2] glare at (to stare angrily at)耀眼的

33. make jokes about 立刻……开玩笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们取笑我的旧帽子。

[1] have a joke with … about…与某人就某事开玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来和我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…拿某人开玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。 [3] v. joke about 开玩笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我糟糕的英语。

34. take over 接管;成功;继承 [1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的、有用的东西应该传承。 [2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的董事长走了，所以杰克将接管(他的工作)。

35. break down[1] 破坏;拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体内的化学元素将食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. (隐喻)据说和谈破裂了。

[2](机器)损害 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.车子在去目的地途中抛锚了。

[3] 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见被克服了。

[4] 神经衰弱;失控 He broke down and wept. 他忍不住泪流满面。

[5] 发生化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 引起食物转化的化学物质。

36. get on one’s feet[1] 起来;站起来说话 [2] (=stand on one’s feet)自力更生, 经济独立 [3] (人们)我痊愈了, 你现在可以起来了; (制作)恢复, 恢复(指企业)

37. go through[1] 经验;忍受;遭受 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱受战乱。

[2] 结束;完毕I didn’t want to go through college.我不想完成大学学业。

[3] 经过;批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已通过这项法案。

②Their plans went through. 他们的计划获得批准。

[4] 综合检查;搜索 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。

38.take over 接管;成功;继承 ①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的、有用的东西应该传承。 ②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的董事长走了，所以杰克将接管(他的工作)。

常见问题句型

39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主题”结构。该结构中的词序是倒置的，“So”替换前一句中的一个元素。如果上面的句子是一个否定句，然后使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主题”结构。

[1] He’s tired, and so am I. (=I’ m also tired.)

[2] You can swim，and so can I.(=I can also swim.)She has had supper，and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch，too.)

[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English，too.)A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)

40.“So +主题+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主语和谓语均按正常词序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表达说话者对对方之前或对方所说的话的肯定、批准或确认，强音，意思是“的确”。

A：It was cold yesterday.昨天天气很冷。B：So it was.确实如此。(=Yes，it was.)A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.(=Yes，I do.)A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.(=Yes ，it will.)

41.“主题+do/does/did + so”结构是指按照上一句的要求去做。在这个句型中do so而不是执行上面要求的操作，为了避免重复。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.) 语文老师要求我按时交论文, 我做到了。

42. So it is with…或者 It is the same with…句子表示 “……(案件)也是这样。”当前句中有几种不同形式的谓语时，表达同样的情况，必须用这个句型，中止服务so 倒装句由以下原因引起。

She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.

43. There you are. 好的，好的。 这是一个术语，用来表示某件事已经结束或有最终结果。

[1] There you are! Then let’s have some coffee.除了，还可以表达“看，正确的(果然)”语气。

[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.正确的!我知道我们最终会找到它。

44. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难;当取名词时，常见句型：have some difficulty with sth.

[1] Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?您理解英语口语有困难吗?[1] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她发音有困难。

45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“正确的……有一定程度的了解”

[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。

[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.

长难句

46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏斌拿出了一些花生米。看着猴子吃他手里的花生，很搞笑。

[1] fun “乐趣，有趣的事实”，不可数名词，前面没有不定冠词aYou’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今晚你将会玩得很开心。

[2] make fun of“开玩笑”，“嘲笑”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.就因为他穿得这么奇怪，人们就嘲笑他。

funny adj. “荒谬的，小丑”He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看起来很有趣。

47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把盘子里的东西都吃掉是有礼貌的。

这是动词不定式作主语的句型，在to finish eating everything 是主题，it是正式主语。

经常测试的语法

48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引价改为间接引价时，时态需要相应调整。(一般过去时改为过去完成时)I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.

(现在完成时改为过去完成时)Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.

(将简单将来时改为过去将来时)Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.

(过去完成时保留原时)He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”→He said they hadn’t finished their homework.

注意：直接引用就是客观事实，过去进行时，时态不变。

[2] 当直接引语变为间接引语时，如果子句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称应根据主句中主语的人称而变化。喜欢：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.

[3] 如果直接引语是反问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为whether或者if介绍性宾语从句。喜欢：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.

[4] 如果是祈使句，则直接引语，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等待) (not) to do sth.”句型。喜欢：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.

[5] 如果直接引语开头为“Let’s”祈使句开头，当变成间接引语时，通常使用“suggest+动名词或从句”结构。喜欢：She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或者She suggested that they should go to the cinema.

49. 现在进行时表示将来的动作，谓语通常是瞬时动词。喜欢：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等待。这些动词的进行时态后面不能跟具体时间。

[1] 使用现在进行时来表达将来时，指最近的，按照计划或安排采取的行动。

[2] 表达未来的现在进行时和表达正在进行的动作之间的区别在于：前者通常使用瞬时动词(有时一些常见动词也可以这样用，比如：do)喜欢：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等待。后者通常是连续动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车即将进站。② He is reading a novel. 他正在看小说。

[3] 使用现在进行时来表达将来时间，句子或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。

[4] 表达将来动作的现在进行时和一般现在时的区别在于：前者所表达的未来行动往往可以改变，后者是按照规定或时间表预期发生的动作或事情，因此，往往是不可改变的，或者是不能随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下周五你打算做什么?② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚7点30分起飞。

50. 当主语是单数时，虽然后面是as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等待，谓语动词仍为单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.