自考本科英语二语法 50个高频知识点汇总

自考本科英语两门很重要的考试科目，学英语最重要的是背单词，背文法。小编为你整理好了50自考英语二高频知识点，考生可参考。

自考英语第二语法知识点安排

一、动词短语搭配

1. be fond of “最喜欢的，爱好” 名词、代词或动词-ing形式

[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。

[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？

[3] He is fond of his research work. 他热爱他的研究工作。

2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作

3. in order to/so as to这两个短语都可以引入不定式作为目的状语， in order to可以放在句首， so as to你不能， 它的否定形式是in order not to / so as not to.

[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.

[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.

引起我们对他的注意， 他大喊大叫并向我们挥手。

4. care about

[1] 喜欢，正确的……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。

[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只想着自己。不关心别人。

[3] 关心，关心（后跟一个子句或没有任何组成部分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人不在乎老人说什么。

5. such as 方法“例如……”，“图片……”，用于列举人或事物。

She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，喜欢物理、化工。

6. drop a line 留言， 写一段文字

7. make yourself at home 不客气；随意的；奔放的

If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你比我先到我家，自己喝，随便。

8. stay up 别睡觉；熬夜

[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我会晚回家，不要等我。

[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他一直看书到凌晨两点。

9. come about 原因；发生；生产

[1] How did the accident come about?这个事故是怎么发生的？

[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道变化是如何发生的。

10. except for 消除……外部

[1] except 和 except for 用法往往不同。

except 通常用于排除同类项目。喜欢：

①He answered all the questions except the last one.删除最后一个，他回答了所有问题。

②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们每天都去那里。

[2] except for 用于引用细节以纠正句子的主要意思。喜欢：

①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除了一位老太太，这辆公共汽车是空的。

②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画很好，只是一些颜色。

[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用来表示except的含义。就像上面的第一个例子一样，它可能是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.

[4] 此外，仅在介词短语之前except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏天，我们通常在十点前睡觉。

11. end up with 经过……结尾；经过……结束The party ended up with an English song.晚会在一首英文歌声中结束。

12. more or less 几乎；几乎；关于；也许；一般来说

[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我几乎做到了，他们没有。

[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少有所提高。

13. bring in 介绍；吸引；吸收

[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。

[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。

14. get away（from） 逃离

[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷偷走了我们所有的钱。

[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条大鱼，但它逃脱了。

15. watch out （for）注意；小心

[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！车来了。

[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.小心路上的坑洼。

16. see sb. off 送人Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天去火车站送朋友。

17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用于引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。

I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但另一方面，我不必工作太久。

18. as well as 和/返回 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不仅是一名摄影师，还是一位才华横溢的音乐家。

19. take place 发生 take one's place 坐下、占好位置、获得地位take sb's place 或者 take the place of 代替、代替

20. on fire 相当于burning, 方法“燃烧；着火；着火”，具有静态意义。catch fire具有动态意义。

set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“制作……着火”、“放火……”。

Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.看，剧院着火，我们去救火吧。

21. on holiday 假期中，假期中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假时拜访了我的叔叔。

22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau

23. take off

[1] 脱掉（衣服等）， 解开（消除）失去 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下湿鞋子。

[2] （飞机）脱掉 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞很好。

[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.六人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。

24. go wrong v. 错误的方法， 误入歧途， （机等）故障

25. in all adv. 全部的

26. stay away v.出去

27. look up 查询（作为宾语代词，把代词放在中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。

相关短语：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照顾；③look forward to预计；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观者；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，小心，谨防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视四周；⑩look through翻阅，查看。

28. run after 追赶，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你抓不到。

29. on the air 播送

[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.五分钟后开始广播。

[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。

30. think highly/well/much of正确的……高度评价， 欣赏， 正确的……好印象；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 正确的……不在乎， 不赞成， 感觉……不太好

[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理很欣赏他。

[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。

[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我不认为他是一个很好的老师。

31. leave out

[1] 忽略 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你犯了一个错误—你漏了一封信t.

[2] 删除， 无用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有更改或删除任何内容。

32. stare at （出于好奇、兴奋的张大了嘴巴，睁大眼睛）

[1] 凝视，盯 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，如此不礼貌。

[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）刺眼的

33. make jokes about 立刻……开玩笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们取笑我的旧帽子。

[1] have a joke with … about…开玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来和我开玩笑。

[2] play a joke on…取笑某人 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。

[3] v. joke about 开玩笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我糟糕的英语。

34. take over 接管；成功；继承

[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应该继承。

[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，所以杰克会接手（他的工作）。

35. break down

[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 体内的化学元素将食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （隐喻）据说和谈破裂。

[2]（机器）损害 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在去往目的地的路上抛锚了。

[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见被推翻。

[4] 精神崩溃；失控 He broke down and wept. 他忍不住哭了。

[5] 化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学品导致食物变形。

36. get on one's feet

[1] 起来；站起来说话

[2] （=stand on one's feet）自力更生， 财务独立

[3] （人们）我痊愈了， 可以起床； （制作）恢复， 恢复（指企业）

37. go through

[1] 经验；经受；遭受 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱受战争蹂躏。

[2] 结束；完成的I didn't want to go through college.我不想读完大学。

[3] 经过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已通过该法案。

②Their plans went through. 他们的计划获得批准。

[4] 全面检查；搜索 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。

38.take over 接管；成功；继承

①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应该继承。

②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，所以杰克会接手（他的工作）。

二、经常测试的句型

39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主题”结构。这个结构中的词序是颠倒的，“So”替换上一句中的一个元素。如果上面的句子是否定句，然后使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主题”结构。

[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）

[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）

[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）

40.“So +主题+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中主谓词序正常，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表达说话者对先前情况或对方所说内容的肯定、认可或确认，强音，意思是“的确”。

A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.确实如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）

41.“主题+do/does/did + so”结构是指按照前一句的要求去做。在这个句型中do so代替上面的要求，以免重复。

My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师让我按时交作文， 我做了。

42. So it is with…或者 It is the same with…句子表示 “……（案件）也是这样。”当上句中有几种不同形式的谓语时，表达同样的，必须用这个句型，中止服务so 反转。

She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.

43. There you are. 好的，好的。 这是表示事情已经结束或有了最终结果的词语。

[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除了，也可以表达“看，正确的（果然）”说话的语气。

[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.正确的！我知道我们最终会找到它。

44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 做某事有困难；当后面跟一个名词时，常见句型：have some difficulty with sth.

[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你在理解口语方面有困难吗？

[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她发音有问题。

45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“正确的……某种程度的理解”

[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。

[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.

三、长句

46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏斌拿出了一些花生米。看猴子吃他手里的花生，很搞笑。

[1] fun “乐趣，有趣的事实”，不可数名词，没有不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 你今晚一定会玩得很开心。

[2] make fun of“开玩笑”，“嘲笑”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们只因为他穿这么奇怪的衣服而嘲笑他。

funny adj. “荒谬的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看起来很有趣。

47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里的所有东西都吃完是有礼貌的。

这是一个以不定式为主语的句型，在to finish eating everything 是主题，it是表格的主题。四、语法

48. 直接引语和间接引语

[1] 当直接引语变为间接引语时，时态需要相应调整。

（一般过去时改为过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.

（现在完成时改为过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.

（一般将来时改为过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.

（在过去完成时中保留原时）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.

注意：直接说话是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变量。

[2] 当直接引语变成间接引语，如果从句的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人根据主句中主语的人而变化。喜欢：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.

[3] 如果是疑问句直接引语，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为whether或者if介绍性客体条款。喜欢：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.

[4] 必要时直接讲话，间接引语应该改为“tell（ask, order, beg等待） （not） to do sth.”句型。喜欢：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.

[5] 直接引语如果“Let's”开头的祈使句，当间接引语，通常使用“suggest+动名词或从句”结构。喜欢：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或者She suggested that they should go to the cinema.

49. 现在时间代表未来行动 现在时间代表未来行动，谓语通常是即时动词。喜欢：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等待。这些动词的进行时不能跟具体时间。

[1] 使用现在进行时来表达未来，指的是最近，根据计划或安排采取的行动。

[2] 表示未来的现在进行时和表示正在进行的动作之间的区别在于：前者通常与即时动词连用（有时候一些常用的动词也可以这样用：do）喜欢：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等待。而后者通常是连续动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他正在看小说。

[3] 用现在进行时表示将来时间，句子或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。

[4] 现在进行时和表示将来动作的一般现在时的区别在于：前者所表达的未来行动往往是多变的，后者是根据规定或时间表预期发生的行动或事情，因此，它通常是不可更改的或不可更改的。① What are you doing next Friday?下周五你打算做什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。

50. 当主语是单数时，虽然紧随其后as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等待，谓语动词仍使用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.